Kev Paub Txog Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob: Kev Tsim Kho Hluav Taws Xob Photovoltaic

Hluav taws xob yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua neej nyob niaj hnub no. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau kev saib xyuas thoob ntiaj teb rau cov teeb meem ib puag ncig, kev nrhiav lub zog huv thiab ruaj khov tau dhau los ua txoj haujlwm ceev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no, photovoltaic fais fab tuag tau nyiam ntau xim raws li lub zog ntsuab. Kab lus no yuav qhia txog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic, nrog rau nws qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev siv hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab.

1, Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic yog ua raws li cov nyhuv photoelectric ntawm semiconductors. Thaum photons (quantum units ntawm lub teeb) ci rau saum npoo ntawm cov hlau lossis cov khoom siv semiconductor, lawv lub zog tuaj yeem nqus tau los ntawm electrons hauv cov khoom. Yog hais tias lub zog ntawm photons loj txaus, electrons yuav kov yeej lub Coulomb quab yuam hauv cov khoom thiab raug tso tawm ntawm atoms, tsim cov electrons dawb. Cov txheej txheem no hloov lub zog ntawm photons mus rau hauv lub zog hluav taws xob, uas yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov nyhuv photovoltaic.

Hauv cov hnub ci hnub ci, cov khoom siv semiconductor feem ntau yog silicon. Silicon atoms muaj plaub txheej electrons, hu ua silicon tetravalent. Los ntawm doping ib tug me me ntawm lwm yam khoom nyob rau hauv ntshiab silicon, xws li phosphorus atoms (nrog tsib txheej electrons, hu ua "phosphorus pentavalent") thiab boron atoms (nrog peb txheej electrons, hu ua "boron trivalent"), N-hom thiab P- hom semiconductors tuaj yeem tsim. Thaum N-hom thiab P-hom semiconductor txheej tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag los ua ib qho kev sib tshuam PN, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw sib cuag. Qhov sib txawv no yuav ua rau cov duab tsim hluav taws xob ntws los ntawm P-hom semiconductors mus rau N-hom semiconductors, ua rau tam sim no.

Thaum lub hnub ci ci rau ntawm lub hnub ci, cov duab tsim hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob tam sim no hauv PN kev sib tshuam, uas yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob no tuaj yeem raug ntes thiab siv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yam tsis tas yuav tsum tau siv cov roj fossil combustion, ua rau lub zog hluav taws xob photovoltaic muaj lub zog huv thiab tsis muaj kuab lom.