Dab tsi yog cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag

Thaum nws los txog rau hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, txhua tus paub txog lawv. Tab sis yog tias koj xav paub qhov txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, cov neeg uas tsis paub txog kev lag luam photovoltaic yuav tsis tas yuav tsis paub, vim tias tseem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Ntawm no yog kev tshawb fawb nrov los pab txhua tus neeg nkag siab txog cov ntaub ntawv thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag sai dua.

Ua ntej sib tham txog qhov sib txawv, cia kuv ua ntej piav qhia txog morphology ntawm silicon ua raw khoom. Silicon muaj ob hom allotropes: crystalline thiab amorphous. Crystalline silicon ntxiv muab faib ua monocrystalline silicon thiab polycrystalline silicon. Qhov sib txawv ntawm monocrystalline silicon thiab polycrystalline silicon feem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov qauv tsim. Thaum molten elemental silicon solidifies, silicon atoms yog teem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm pob zeb diamond lattice, tsim ntau siv lead ua nuclei. Yog tias cov pob zeb siv lead ua no loj hlob mus rau hauv cov nplej nrog tib lub dav hlau siv lead ua (piv txwv li, txhua lub lis piam muaj cov qauv siv lead ua dav hlau, thiab cov nplej no sib npaug thiab ua ke), monocrystalline silicon yog tsim. Yog hais tias cov siv lead ua nuclei loj hlob mus rau hauv cov nplej nrog cov qauv siv lead ua sib txawv, polycrystalline silicon yog tsim, muaj ntau yam impurities thiab cov yam ntxwv tsis xws luag.

Yog li ntawd, hauv cov ntsiab lus, monocrystalline silicon thiab polycrystalline silicon yog cov khoom siv tib yam, ob qho tib si uas muaj pob zeb diamond lattice, tawv thiab nkig crystals, metallic luster, thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau hluav taws xob, tab sis lawv cov conductivity qis dua cov hlau thiab nce nrog kub. Lawv muaj cov khoom siv semiconductor thiab yog cov khoom siv semiconductor. Txawm li cas los xij, vim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv siv lead ua thiab cov ntsiab lus impurity, cov khoom siv lead ua zoo sib txawv. Lub refractive index ntawm lub teeb thiab tam sim no conduction kuj txawv raws li qhov tshwm sim. Cia peb saib cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb hauv qab no.

Monocrystalline silicon solar cells yog tsim los ntawm monocrystalline silicon wafers. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv monocrystalline silicon, silicon atoms yog teem nyob rau hauv ib qho kev txiav txim nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, exhibiting ntev-ntev xaj. Qhov kev txiav txim siab no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txhim kho kev hloov pauv ntawm lub hnub ci hlwb. Tam sim no, kev hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm monocrystalline silicon hnub ci hlwb yog 14% -17%, uas tuaj yeem ncav cuag 24%. Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog cov paub tab, thiab cov khoom siv feem ntau yog cov duab plaub, xim dub, tsis muaj cov qauv ntawm qhov chaw. Lawv tau siv dav hauv aerospace thiab high-tech khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm monocrystalline silicon solar cells yog qhov nyuaj, siv sijhawm ntev, yuav tsum tau siv lub zog siab, thiab ua rau cov nqi siab.

Polycrystalline silicon hnub ci hlwb yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polycrystalline silicon, uas yog cov sib sau ua ke ntawm ntau cov khoom siv lead ua. Qhov loj thiab siv lead ua kev taw qhia ntawm txhua tus siv lead ua ib qho sib txawv ntawm ib leeg. Yog li ntawd, muaj qhov tsis xws luag thiab impurities nyob rau hauv cov qauv siv lead ua, uas ua rau lub hnub ci zog conversion efficiency li ntawm 13% mus rau 15%, uas tuaj yeem ncav cuag li 20%. Cov khoom lag luam feem ntau yog lub kaum sab xis, xiav hauv cov xim, thiab muaj cov paj dej khov zoo li cov qauv ntawm qhov chaw nyob ze dua. Polycrystalline silicon solar cells muaj cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tsawg dua, lub sijhawm luv luv, thiab cov nqi tsim khoom qis dua piv rau cov khoom siv monocrystalline silicon, yog li lawv kuj muaj txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua lag luam.

Amorphous silicon solar cells, crystalline silicon solar cells, yog nws. Koj puas muaj lub hnub ci uas tsis xav tau crystalline silicon? Hom hnub ci cell no hu ua amorphous silicon solar cell. Amorphous silicon solar cells yog tsim los siv cov yeeb yaj kiab amorphous silicon nyias (li 1 hli tuab), uas siv cov khoom siv silicon tsawg heev. Silicon semiconductor nyias zaj duab xis tuaj yeem tso ncaj qha rau ntawm daim iav loj. Cov txheej txheem thiab cov khoom siv rau kev npaj amorphous silicon yog qhov yooj yim, nrog lub sijhawm luv luv thiab kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau ntau lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv sib piv, kev hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm amorphous silicon hnub ci hlwb tsuas yog 5% -8%, nce mus txog 13%, nrog me ntsis kev ruaj ntseg thiab pom tseeb qhov tsis zoo.